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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforUseoftheTimeDomainElectromagneticMethodforSubsurfaceInvestigation
【原文标准名称】:次表面探查用时间域电磁法的使用标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6820-2002(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:conductivity;electricalmethod;geophysics;resistivity;subsurfaceinvestigation;surfacegeophysics;timedomainelectromagneticmethod;transientelectromagneticmethod
【摘要】:1.1PurposeandApplicationThisguidesummarizestheequipment,fieldprocedures,andinterpretationmethodsfortheassessmentofsubsurfacematerialsandtheirporefluidsusingtheTimeDomainElectromagnetic(TDEM)method.ThismethodisalsoknownastheTransientElectromagneticMethod(TEM),andinthisguideisreferredtoastheTDEM/TEMmethod.TimeDomainandTransientrefertothemeasurementofatime-varyinginducedelectromagneticfield.1.1.1TheTDEM/TEMmethodisapplicabletoinvestigationofawiderangeofsubsurfaceconditions.TDEM/TEMmethodsmeasurevariationsintheelectricalresistivity(orthereciprocal,theelectricalconductivity)ofthesubsurfacesoilorrockcausedbybothlateralandverticalvariationsinvariousphysicalpropertiesofthesoilorrock.Bymeasuringbothlateralandverticalchangesinresistivity,variationsinsubsurfaceconditionscanbedetermined.1.1.2Electromagneticmeasurementsofresistivityasdescribedinthisguideareappliedingeologicstudies,geotechnicalstudies,hydrologicinvestigations,andformappingsubsurfaceconditionsatwastedisposalsites().Resistivitymeasurementscanbeusedtomapgeologicchangessuchaslithology,geologicalstructure,fractures,stratigraphy,anddepthtobedrock.Inaddition,measurementofresistivitycanbeappliedtohydrologicinvestigationssuchasthedepthtowatertable,depthtoaquitard,presenceofcoastalorinlandgroundwatersalinity,andforthedirectexplorationforgroundwater.1.1.3GeneralreferencesfortheuseofthemethodareMcNeill(),KeareyandBrooks(),andTelfordetal().1.2Limitations1.2.1ThisguideprovidesanoverviewoftheTDEM/TEMmethod.Itdoesnotprovideoraddressthedetailsofthetheory,fieldprocedures,orinterpretationofthedata.Numerousreferencesareincludedforthatpurposeandareconsideredanessentialpartofthisguide.ItisrecommendedthattheuseroftheTDEM/TEMmethodbefamiliarwiththereferencescitedandwiththeASTMstandardsD420,D653,D5088,D5608,D5730,D5753,D6235,D6429andD6431.1.2.2ThisguideislimitedtoTDEM/TEMmeasurementsmadeonland.TheTDEM/TEMmethodcanbeadaptedforanumberofspecialusesonland,water,ice,withinaborehole,andairborne.SpecialTDEM/TEMconfigurationsareusedformetalandunexplodedordnancedetection.TheseTDEM/TEMmethodsarenotdiscussedinthisguide.1.2.3TheapproachessuggestedinthisguidefortheTDEM/TEMmethodarecommonlyused,widelyaccepted,andproven.However,otherapproachesormodificationstotheTDEM/TEMmethodthataretechnicallysoundmaybesubstituted.1.2.4Thisguideoffersanorganizedcollectionofinformationoraseriesofoptionsanddoesnotrecommendaspecificcourseofaction.Thisdocumentcannotreplaceeducation,experience,andshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessionaljudgment.Notallaspectsofthisguidemaybeapplicableinallcircumstances.ThisASTMstandardisnotintendedtorepresentorreplacethestandardofcarebywhichtheadequacyofagivenprofessionalservicemustbejudged,norshouldthisdocumentbeappliedwithoutconsiderationofaproject''smanyuniqueaspects.ThewordstandardinthetitleofthisdocumentmeansonlythatthedocumenthasbeenapprovedthroughtheASTMconsensusprocess.1.3Precautions1.3.1Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisguidetofollowanyprecautionsintheequipmentmanufacturer''srecommendationsandtoestablishappropriatehealthandsafetypractices.1.3.2Ifthemethodisusedatsiteswithhazardousmaterials,operations,orequipment,itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisguidetoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesandtodeterminetheapplicabilityofanyregulationspriortouse.1.3.3......
【中国标准分类号】:A42
【国际标准分类号】:33_100_01
【页数】:15P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Bitumenandbituminousbinders-Specificationsforpavinggradebitumens
【原文标准名称】:沥青和沥青粘合剂.铺路级沥青规范
【标准号】:BSEN12591-2000
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2000-05-15
【实施或试行日期】:2000-05-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:尺寸;铺筑材料;石油炼制;分级(质量);沥青制品;路面铺筑;石油产品;维修;路面(道路);粘合剂;沥青;石油
【英文主题词】:Asphaltroads;Bindingagents;Bitumens;Bituminous;Bituminousbinders;Classification;Consistency(mechanicalproperty);Construction;Constructionmaterials;Definitions;Designations;Inspection;Materials;Materialstesting;Pavements(roads);Penetrations;Petroleumproducts;Properties;Roadconstruction;Roads;Specification(approval);Testing
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesthepropertiesandrelevanttestmethodsforpavinggradebitumenswhicharesuitableforuseinroadconstructionandmaintenanceandwhichareobtainedbyrefiningprocessesfrompetroleumcrudeoils.PavinggradebitumensinthisEuropeanStandardaredividedintothreegroupsofgrades:(a)Gradesdesignatedbynominalpenetrationat25℃from20×0,1mmto330×0,1mm,specifiedbypenetrationat25℃andsofteningpoint(Table1).(b)Gradesdesignatedbynominalpenetrationat25℃from250×0,1mmto900×0,1mm,specifiedbypenetrationat15℃anddynamicviscosityat60℃(Table2).(c)Gradesdesignatedandspecifiedbykinematicviscosityat60℃forsoftbitumens(Table3).NOTEForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,theterm"%(m/m)"isusedtorepresentthemassfraction.
【中国标准分类号】:E43
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_50;93_080_20
【页数】:22P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语